A Vakalatnama is a legal document in India through which a client authorizes an advocate (lawyer) to represent them in a court of law or before any legal authority.

Definition:

Vakalatnama is derived from the Persian word "vakalat", meaning "power of attorney" or "authority to represent". It is a written document signed by a litigant (client) giving permission to a lawyer to act, plead, or appear on their behalf in court.

When is Vakalatnama given?

• It is filed along with the plaint (in civil cases) or written statement, or with the petition (in criminal or other matters) when a party appoints an advocate.

• It is usually the first document submitted by the advocate in a case to show they have the authority to act on behalf of the client.

Why is Vakalatnama given?

1. Legal Authority: It authorizes the advocate to:

   • File or defend a case

   • Sign documents and pleadings

   • Appear and argue in court

   • Receive documents or court orders

2. Protects Client and Advocate:

   • Establishes a formal legal relationship

   • Limits the advocate’s power to what the client consents to

3. Required by Court Procedure:

   • Courts require a Vakalatnama to ensure that the advocate has the client’s consent to act.

Key Contents of a Vakalatnama:

• Name and details of the client

• Name and enrollment number of the advocate

• Case title and court

• Powers given (e.g., signing, appearing, withdrawing case)

• Client’s signature/thumb impression

• Advocate's acceptance and signature

• Revenue stamp (in some cases)

Important Notes:

• No court fees are required on a Vakalatnama, except for a nominal court stamp.

• A client can revoke a Vakalatnama at any time by giving notice.

• An advocate can also withdraw by informing the client and court.